Determine the empirical formulas for compounds with the following percent compositions:(4)
(a) 15.8% carbon and 84.2% sulfur (b) 40.0% carbon, 6.7% hydrogen, and 53.3% oxygen
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Answer:
12.1% C, 16.1% O, 71.8% Cl
Explanation:
Calculation of Percent Composition
Analysis of a 12.04-g sample of a liquid compound composed of carbon, hydrogen, and nitrogen showed it to contain 7.34 g C, 1.85 g H, and 2.85 g N. What is the percent composition of this compound?
Solution
To calculate percent composition, we divide the experimentally derived mass of each element by the overall mass of the compound, and then convert to a percentage:
%
C
=
7.34
g C
12.04
g compound
×
100
%
=
61.0
%
%
H
=
1.85
g H
12.04
g compound
×
100
%
=
15.4
%
%
N
=
2.85
g N
12.04
g compound
×
100
%
=
23.7
%
The analysis results indicate that the compound is 61.0% C, 15.4% H, and 23.7% N by mass.
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