Determine the wavelength of light by diffraction grating?
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In optics, a diffraction grating is an optical component with a periodic structure that splits and diffracts light into several beams travelling in different directions. The emerging coloration is a form of structural coloration.The directions of these beams depend on the spacing of the grating and the wavelength of the light so that the grating acts as the dispersive element. Because of this, gratings are commonly used in monochromators andspectrometers.
For practical applications, gratings generally have ridges or rulings on their surface rather than dark lines. Such gratings can be either transmissive orreflective. Gratings that modulate the phase rather than the amplitude of the incident light are also produced, frequently using holography.
The principles of diffraction gratings were discovered by James Gregory, about a year after Newton's prism experiments, initially with items such as bird feathers. The first man-made diffraction grating was made around1785 by Philadelphia inventor David Rittenhouse, who strung hairs between two finely threaded screws.This was similar to notable German physicistJoseph von Fraunhofer's wire diffraction grating in 1821.In the 1860s, gratings with the lowest line-distance d were created by Friedrich Adolph Nobert (1806-1881) in Greifswald,then the two Americans Lewis Morris Rutherfurd (1816-1892) and William B. Rogers (1804-1882) took over the lead,and by the end of the 19th century, the concave gratings of Henry Augustus Rowland (1848-1901) were the best gratings available.
Diffraction can create "rainbow" colors when illuminated by a wide spectrum(e.g., continuous) light source. The sparkling effects from the closely spaced narrow tracks on optical storage disks such as CDs or DVDs are an example, while the similar rainbow effects caused by thin layers of oil (or gasoline, etc.) on water are not caused by a grating, but rather by interference effects in reflections from the closely spaced transmissive layers (see Examples, below). A grating has parallel lines, while a CD has a spiral of finely-spaced data tracks. Diffraction colors also appear when one looks at a bright point source through a translucent fine-pitch umbrella-fabric covering. Decorative patterned plastic films based on reflective grating patches are very inexpensive, and are commonplace.
In optics, a diffraction grating is an optical component with a periodic structure that splits and diffracts light into several beams travelling in different directions. The emerging coloration is a form of structural coloration.The directions of these beams depend on the spacing of the grating and the wavelength of the light so that the grating acts as the dispersive element. Because of this, gratings are commonly used in monochromators andspectrometers.
For practical applications, gratings generally have ridges or rulings on their surface rather than dark lines. Such gratings can be either transmissive orreflective. Gratings that modulate the phase rather than the amplitude of the incident light are also produced, frequently using holography.
The principles of diffraction gratings were discovered by James Gregory, about a year after Newton's prism experiments, initially with items such as bird feathers. The first man-made diffraction grating was made around1785 by Philadelphia inventor David Rittenhouse, who strung hairs between two finely threaded screws.This was similar to notable German physicistJoseph von Fraunhofer's wire diffraction grating in 1821.In the 1860s, gratings with the lowest line-distance d were created by Friedrich Adolph Nobert (1806-1881) in Greifswald,then the two Americans Lewis Morris Rutherfurd (1816-1892) and William B. Rogers (1804-1882) took over the lead,and by the end of the 19th century, the concave gratings of Henry Augustus Rowland (1848-1901) were the best gratings available.
Diffraction can create "rainbow" colors when illuminated by a wide spectrum(e.g., continuous) light source. The sparkling effects from the closely spaced narrow tracks on optical storage disks such as CDs or DVDs are an example, while the similar rainbow effects caused by thin layers of oil (or gasoline, etc.) on water are not caused by a grating, but rather by interference effects in reflections from the closely spaced transmissive layers (see Examples, below). A grating has parallel lines, while a CD has a spiral of finely-spaced data tracks. Diffraction colors also appear when one looks at a bright point source through a translucent fine-pitch umbrella-fabric covering. Decorative patterned plastic films based on reflective grating patches are very inexpensive, and are commonplace.
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The diffraction is the phenomenon where the waves encounter an obstacle that resolves the wave into components.
The diffraction of light can be achieved through a diffraction grating.
This is based on Bragg’s law which gives the relation as,
dsin =nλ
Here d: distance between adjacent plane,
θ: angle made with the normal to the grating surface,
λ: wavelength of the light,
and n: integer.
Determining the values of angle made, order of image n and distance between the planes, the wavelength of the light λ can be obtained.
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