Development of molecular markers in plant breeding
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Abstract Molecular markers are essential for breeding major crops today and
many molecular marker techniques have been developed. DNA markers are now the
most commonly used. This chapter describes the principles of DNA marker tech-
niques and methods to map major genes. DNA markers can be classifi ed into two
categories: (1) DNA hybridization-based techniques, including restriction fragment
polymorphism and DNA chips, and (2) polymerase chain reaction techniques,
including simple sequence repeats, random amplifi ed polymorphic DNA, amplifi ed
fragment length polymorphism, and single nucleotide polymorphism. To develop
trait- linked markers, segregating populations for the target traits and reliable pheno-
typing methods are indispensable. With these tools, two approaches can be used to
develop trait-linked markers: (1) when there is no biological information for the
trait, and (2) when biological information is available. Finally, we describe several
case studies for trait-linked marker development.
many molecular marker techniques have been developed. DNA markers are now the
most commonly used. This chapter describes the principles of DNA marker tech-
niques and methods to map major genes. DNA markers can be classifi ed into two
categories: (1) DNA hybridization-based techniques, including restriction fragment
polymorphism and DNA chips, and (2) polymerase chain reaction techniques,
including simple sequence repeats, random amplifi ed polymorphic DNA, amplifi ed
fragment length polymorphism, and single nucleotide polymorphism. To develop
trait- linked markers, segregating populations for the target traits and reliable pheno-
typing methods are indispensable. With these tools, two approaches can be used to
develop trait-linked markers: (1) when there is no biological information for the
trait, and (2) when biological information is available. Finally, we describe several
case studies for trait-linked marker development.
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