Difference bettween greek and roman urban planning priciples
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1. Transportation Engineering – II (Town Planning) 1/7/2018 Prof. S.K. Patil, www.skpatil.com 1 . Course Learning Outcomes: • At the end of this session, the student will be able to understand principles of Town Planning with reference to Greek and Roman Culture. Greek & Roman Town Planning
2. Prof. (Dr.) Sachin Kishor Patil B.E. Civil, M.E. Civil Environmental Engineering, Ph.D. (IIT, Bombay) Professor & Head of Department Department of Civil Engineering AMGOI, Vathar, Kolhapur, MH, India. 1/7/2018 Prof. S.K. Patil, www.skpatil.com 2 Disclaimer and acknowledgment The study material presented by Prof. S K Patil is licensed under The study material presented herewith is web sourced made available for community use under Creative Commons Attribution- NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 unported License. If you feel the ownership of some of the content, I can acknowledge or remove as the case may be. Permissions beyond the scope of this license can be requested at www.skpatil.com
3. The Greek World
4. The Greek Polis
5. The Greek Polis Source of Greek Creativity Each citizen was expected to participate in the polis in regard to its: Political life Economic relations Spiritual worship Social events (e.g. dramatic performances) A self-governing city- state Not large cities ‘Plato’ thought ideal city should have 5,000 citizens Athens at its peak had a bit over 1,00,000 citizens
6. Site and Culture (enabling factors, not determining) No floods Abundant and diverse resources Fish, grain, grapes, olives, chestnuts, figs Many isolated valleys and islands (natural barriers) Sea Isolation meant greater security, so power took a less aggressive form both externally and internally
7. Greek Towns • Greeks built small towns appropriate for human scale • Natural borders for the town • Parts of the town were planned according to geometrical patterns and others according to defensive measures • Democracy, • Buildings of poor and rich, • public baths.
8. Greek Towns Agora and Acropolis Agora Gathering place and market Place for public event Agora on the road from the harbor, in the center and includes : Assembly hall Council hall Chamber hall Bordered by temples, workshops, vendors’ stalls, statues Acropolis Elevated temple district Contained various temples Architectural “vocabulary” used well into the 20th c. for banks, courthouses, town halls, etc. Periodic processions to Acropolis also celebrated the polis Separation of church and state was indicated by distance between the agora and the acropolis
9. Hippodamus First Greek Architect Gridded roads House blocks (rectangular) Imp roads parallel to shore (Straight & Wide) Outline of town – not necessarily rectangular
10. City Priene 400 dwellings with 4000 population Agora surrounded by public buildings and residential blocks Each Resi. Block -4/5 houses Broad road aprox 23 ft wide Short road ‘T’ – 10 ft wide G. Agora, Market. A, B, C. -Gates. D, E, F, H, M, P. - Temples I -Council House, L, Q. Gymnasium. N. Theatre, O. Water reservoir, R. Race-course
11. A, B, C. Gates. D, E, F, H, M, P. Temples G. Agora, Market. I. Council House, L, Q. Gymnasium. N. Theatre, O. Water-reservoir, R. Race-course City Priene
12. Babylon City
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Whereas the Greeks favored marble, the Romans invented concrete, and they relied on this key building material in much of their architecture. Romans also emphasized circular forms and made extensive use of the arch, vault, and dome in their building projects, unlike the post-and-lintel structure of Greek buildings.
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