Question

difference between Acute disease and chronic disease!!


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Answer 1

$\huge\mathbb\red{ACUTE\:DISEASE}$

Acute disease is a condition or a disorder that comes on or onsets rapidly and lasts for a shorter period of time.

➣The period of time associated with acute diseases varies with the type of illness and the context, but it is always quantitatively shorter in time when compared to chronic diseases.

➣The term ‘acute’ is also associated with diseases where the onset is rather sudden and occurs rapidly.

➣The severity of acute diseases is mostly fulminant, even though it is not always accurate as in the case of acute rhinitis, which is synonymous with the common cold.

➣However, diseases like acute respiratory diseases are mostly fulminant and result in severe consequences.

➣Acute diseases are caused mostly by an infectious agent, and thus acute conditions appear in many communicable diseases.

➣In addition to the sudden onset of the disease, acute diseases also worsen more rapidly than chronic conditions.

➣Acute diseases might affect or occur in all systems throughout the body. But they only affect just one system at a time.

➣The treatment associated with acute diseases also differs depending on the nature of the disease.

➣Acute diseases like appendicitis, strep throat, and influenza do not require hospitalization or intensive medical treatment. In contrast, diseases like pneumonia and acute myocardial infarction (heart attack), although they are acute, do require immediate medical attention and extended treatment.

➣These diseases also do not commonly have long term health effects and can be treated once and for all.

➣Sometimes, the diseases might be caused by a simple change in diet like typhoid is caused by drinking polluted water, which can simply be avoided by opting for a cleaner water source.

$\huge\mathbb\red{CHRONIC\:DISEASE}$

Chronic disease is a condition or a disorder that persists for a longer period of time or has long-lasting health effects.

➣As in acute disease, chronic diseases cannot be defined by a particular period of time and are mostly used while comparing them to acute diseases.

➣However, sometimes, a disease lasting for a period of 3 three months is considered a chronic illness.

➣The term ‘terminal’ disease is used for diseases that are chronic with high chances of ending with death because there are no effective medications available against them.

➣Chronic diseases tend to be more severe as they progress, which occurs over a period of months and most years.

➣Chronic diseases also affect multiple systems in the body and are not always fully responsive to treatments.

➣Chronic conditions are often associated with non-communicable diseases as the causes are mostly non-infectious.

➣Most of these diseases are not caused by an infectious agent and are often caused due to poor lifestyle or health choices.

➣These are caused due to unhealthy behavioral and eating habits persisting for an extended period of time.

➣Some chronic diseases might have a period of remissions or relapse during where the disease might be temporarily absent.

➣The risk factors associated with chronic diseases are different for different diseases, but some of the common risk factors include dietary, lifestyle, and metabolic factors.

➣The severity of most chronic diseases is not fulminant. However, patients with chronic conditions become prone to acquiring fatal acute diseases.

➣Because treatment is mostly not effective against chronic disease, prevention is considered to be more advantageous.

➣This can be achieved by regular screening for the existence of predisposing factors which helps in early detection, severely reducing the harmful outcomes.

Answer 2

$\huge\mathfrak{\fbox{\green{Acute\:Disease\:and\:Chronic\:disease}}}$

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Difference:-

Acute illnesses generally develop suddenly and last a short time, often only a few days or weeks.

Chronic conditions develop slowly and may worsen over an extended period of time—months to years.

But of course, the differences are more than just that.

Causes:-

• Acute conditions are often caused by a virus or an infection, but can also be caused by an injury resulting from a fall or an automobile accident, or by the misuse of drugs or medications.
• Chronic conditions are often caused by unhealthy behaviors that increase the risk of disease—poor nutrition, inadequate physical activity, overuse of alcohol, or smoking. Social, emotional, environmental, and genetic factors also play a role. As people age, they are more likely to develop one or more chronic conditions.

Symptoms and treatment:-

• Acute diseases come on rapidly, and are accompanied by distinct symptoms that require urgent or short-term care, and get better once they are treated. For example, a broken bone that might result from a fall must be treated by a doctor and will heal in time. Sometimes, an acute illness, such as the common cold, will just go away on its own. Most people with acute illnesses will soon recover.
• Chronic conditions are slower to develop, may progress over time, and may have any number of warning signs or no signs at all. Common chronic conditions are arthritis, Alzheimer’s disease, diabetes, heart disease, high blood pressure, and chronic kidney disease. Unlike acute conditions, chronic health conditions cannot be cured—only controlled. Controlling (or managing) the symptoms of a chronic condition can often be done by creating a health care plan in partnership with your physician—the plan may include taking medication, healthy eating, physical or occupational therapy, exercise, or complementary treatments, such as acupuncture or meditation. Frequently, chronic conditions can be prevented by practicing healthy lifestyle behaviors, such as staying physically active; maintaining a healthy weight and nutritional status; limiting sun exposure; and refraining from drugs, smoking, and excessive alcohol use.

Examples of acute and chronic conditions:-

Acute condition

• Asthma attack
• Broken bone
• Bronchitis
• Burn
• Common cold
• Flu
• Heart attack
• Pneumonia
• Respiratory infection
• Strep throat

Chronic conditions:-

• Alzheimer’s disease
• Arthritis
• Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)
• Depression
• Diabetes
• Heart disease
• High blood pressure
• High cholesterol
• Obesity
• Osteoporosis
• Stroke

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