Question

Difference between biotic diversity and animal and plant doiversity

Answer 1

They are related and overlaping terms, but not synonymous. I've always thought of biodiversity as being more about shear numbers, number of species in an area, difference in number of species between areas, etc. On the other hand, I've always thought of ecological diversity as more about relationships. As an example, the more connections between nodes in a food web the greater the ecological diversity, even though another area might have just as many species, if the predator/prey relationships are more simple then I would think of it as less diverse. Another important distinction is that ecological diversity includes enviromental impacts, so a uniformly arid area would be less diverse than a desert with a riparian area, even though the area may be just as arid overall. Given the enviromental aspects, high ecological diversity implies but does not necessitate high biodiversity;  one would expect an area with a large number of different microclimates or hydrological regimes to have a large number of specially adapted species. However, organisms often create habitats themselves, so large areas of many tropical forests are relatively uniform enviromentally, yet are the most biodiverse biome because of the shear number of species, so in this case you could say that the biome has high biotic ecological diversity but low abiotic ecological diversity.

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