difference between diabetes mellitus and diabetes insipidus
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Diabetes Mellitus It is characterized by hyperglycemia (high blood sugar level), glycosuria (glucose in urine), polyuria ( increased volume of urine due to the osmotic effect of glucose), polydipsia (excessivie thirst), polyphagia (excessive appetite). It is due to the hyposecretion of insulin or lack of insulin.
Diabetes Insipidus (Drinker’s disease): Hypo secretion of ADH (Antidiuretic hormone or Vasopressin) causes a disorder known as diabetes insipidus (Excretion of large quantity of dilute urine). ADH is released into blood when special osmoreceptors or hypothalamic neurons are stimulated by rise in osmotic pressure of blood due to loss of water from the body.
In this disorder, person suffers from polyuria, i.e., excessive urine formation and dilute urination (hypotonic and sugar free) several times a day. The quantity is 5 litres or more per day. There is corresponding increase in water loss from body fluids. It results in excessive thirst or polydipsia and dehydration. Appetite increases. Loss of strength and emaciation occur.
Diabetes Insipidus (Drinker’s disease): Hypo secretion of ADH (Antidiuretic hormone or Vasopressin) causes a disorder known as diabetes insipidus (Excretion of large quantity of dilute urine). ADH is released into blood when special osmoreceptors or hypothalamic neurons are stimulated by rise in osmotic pressure of blood due to loss of water from the body.
In this disorder, person suffers from polyuria, i.e., excessive urine formation and dilute urination (hypotonic and sugar free) several times a day. The quantity is 5 litres or more per day. There is corresponding increase in water loss from body fluids. It results in excessive thirst or polydipsia and dehydration. Appetite increases. Loss of strength and emaciation occur.
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