Question

Difference between exocytosis and endocytosis

Answer 1

Answer:

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Explanation:

Endocytosis is the process of capturing a substance or particle from outside the cell by engulfing it with the cell membrane, and bringing it into the cell. Exocytosis describes the process of vesicles fusing with the plasma membrane and releasing their contents to the outside of the cell.

Answer 2

Difference between exocytosis and endocytosis

Exocytosis

1. It helps in the process to eliminate waste in the external environment.
2. Constitutive & regulated secretory pathway.
3. Fused with plasma membrane.
4. Secretory Vesicles.
5. Releasing chemical substances and hormones outside the cell.

Endocytosis

1. It helps in the process of intake of substances from the external environment.
2. Pinocytosis.
3. A vesicle is formed around the foreign substances.
4. Like phagosones.
5. Engulfing bacteria by phagocytosis.

Detailing About Endocytosis and Exocytosis

Endocytosis is a type of active transport that moves particles, such as large molecules, parts of cells, and even whole cells, into a cell. There are different variations of endocytosis, but all share a common characteristic: the plasma membrane of the cell invaginates, forming a pocket around the target particle. The pocket pinches off, resulting in the particle being contained in a newly created intracellular vesicle formed from the plasma membrane. It has 3 types to show it's active transport.

• Phagocytosis (the condition of “cell eating”) is the process by which large particles, such as cells or relatively large particles, are taken in by a cell. For example, when microorganisms invade the human body, a type of white blood cell called a neutrophil will remove the invaders through this process, surrounding and engulfing the microorganism, which is then destroyed by the neutrophil.
• A variation of endocytosis is called pinocytosis. This literally means “cell drinking” and was named at a time when the assumption was that the cell was purposefully taking in extracellular fluid. In reality, this is a process that takes in molecules, including water, which the cell needs from the extracellular fluid. Pinocytosis results in a much smaller vesicle than does phagocytosis, and the vesicle does not need to merge with a lysosome.
• A targeted variation of endocytosis employs receptor proteins in the plasma membrane that have a specific binding affinity for certain substances. In receptor-mediated endocytosis, as in phagocytosis, clathrin is attached to the cytoplasmic side of the plasma membrane.

The reverse process of moving material into a cell is the process of exocytosis. Exocytosis is the opposite of the endocytosis, that its purpose is to expel material from the cell into the extracellular fluid. Waste material is enveloped in a membrane and fuses with the interior of the plasma membrane. This fusion opens the membranous envelope on the exterior of the cell, and the waste material is expelled into the extracellular space (Figure 4). Other examples of cells releasing molecules via exocytosis include the secretion of proteins of the extracellular matrix and secretion of neurotransmitters into the synaptic cleft by synaptic vesicles.