Question

Difference between hard water and soft water...​

Answer 1

ANSWER

Hard water

-It contains minerals such as Calcium and Magnesium salts i.e carbonates.

-These contain $Mg^{+2}$ and $Ca^{+2}$.

-It produces scum when it is treated with soap. With hard water, soap solutions form a white precipitate instead of producing lather, because the 2+ ions destroy the surfactant properties of the soap by forming a solid precipitate.

-So if we need to clean clothes in Hard Water we need to use Detergents.

Example of source = Tap water, impure rainwater etc.

Soft Water

-It contains low concentrations of $Mg^{+2}$ and $Ca^{+2}$.

-It does for a foam with soap. It does not form any scum.

-Soft water naturally occurs where rainfall and the drainage basin of rivers are formed of hard, impervious and calcium-poor rocks.

-Both detergent and Soap can be used in soft water.

Answer 2

$\bold\red{Answer}$

soft water :

The water which gives lather readily with soap solution is called as soft water

Hard water :

The water which doesn't give lather readily with soap solution is called as Hard water