difference between Indian calendar and Gregorian calendar
Answers
Differences:Saka Samvat and Vikram Samvat are two commonly used calendars in India. Saka Samvat has been adopted as an official civil calendar by India. Saka Samvat starts from 78 AD, whereas Vikram Samvat starts from 57 BC.The first two belts of people follow the Sakha calendar.For the people who celebrate Holi as first day, the end of month is after the full moon day (Pournami) instead of New moon day (Amavasya). Hence the 15 day gap between the New Years.
For few other luni-solar followers, the month ends with an Amavasya, and that is the reason why many people across India celebrate the Chaitra suddha Padyami as the New Year. One exception is the Gujaratis, who follow Vikrama samvatsaram and thus New Year on Diwali.
According to the people who follow Saka calender the month of Karthika or the day after Diwali is the middle day of the year i.e 6 months have already passed. But some cultures like the Gujaratis have this day as the first day and the Chaitra month as the middle month.
The Herbew, Buddhist, Indian Saka, Kurdish and Tibetan calendars, as well as the Chinese, Japanese, Vietnamese, Mongolian and Korean calendars, plus the ancient Hellenic, Coligny, and Babylonian calendars are all lunisolar. Also, some of the ancient pre-Islamic calendars in South Arabia followed a lunisolar system.
The Chinese, Coligny and Hebrew lunisolar calendars track more or less the tropical year whereas the Buddhist and Hindu lunisolar calendars track the sidereal year. Therefore, the first three give an idea of the seasons whereas the last two give an idea of the position among the constellations of the full moon.
Similarly another difference between the Hindu solar calendar (belt 3) and Hindu lunisolar calendar (belt 1,2,4) is that the solar Hindu calendars track the tropical year of the sun where as the Hindu lunisolar tracks the sidereal year.
The sidereal year is the mean time taken for the Sun to go from conjunction with a star back to conjunction with that same star, as seen from the Earth. The tropical year is the mean time taken for the Sun to return to the same equinox or solstice (in Earth's orbit). It is 365.25636 days.
The difference is less than a day and is due to the (rotational) position of Earth.
Now people who follow Lunisolar calendar but track tropical year, i.e most of the Tibetan Buddhists in India and Tibet, celebrate their new year according to this. They have their New Year in mid February. This normally also coincides with the Chinese new year through out the world.
The Tibetan calendar was influenced by both the Chinese and Hindu calendars. This is the reason why traditional Buddhist festivals like Buddha Pournima is as per Hindu calendar but certain regional festivals are as per Chinese calendar.
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The most visible difference between the two calendars is their basis. While the Hindu calendar is based on moon's movement, the Gregorian one is based on the movement of the earth around the sun. ... Based on a Solar system, the Gregorian calendar has finalized the day of the new year