Question

difference between ionic and covalent

Answer 1

 There are two types of atomic bonds - ionic bonds and covalent bonds. They differ in their structure and properties. Covalent bonds consist of pairs of electrons shared by two atoms, and bind the atoms in a fixed orientation. Relatively high energies are required to break them (50 - 200 kcal/mol). Whether two atoms can form a covalent bond depends upon their electronegativity i.e. the power of an atom in a molecule to attract electrons to itself. If two atoms differ considerably in their electronegativity - as sodium and chloride do - then one of the atoms will lose its electron to the other atom. This results in a positively charged ion (cation) and negatively charged ion (anion). The bond between these two ions is called an ionic bond.


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Answer 2

Ionic bonds

Covalent bonds

Ionic bond is formed by the transfer of electrons from one atom to another atom. It is also known as electrovalent bond.

Covalent bond is formed by the sharing of valence electrons between atoms of similar electronegativity

Occurs  between a metal and a non-metal

Occurs between two non-metals.

Ionic bonds do not have definite shape

Covalent bonds have definite shape

They exists in solid state at room temperature

They exist in liquid or gaseous state at room temperature

They have high boiling and melting points

They have low boiling and melting points