Difference between ionic and covalent compounds 0 table
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The two main types of chemical bonds are ionic and covalent bonds.
An ionic bond essentially donates an electron to the other atom participating in the bond, while electrons in a covalent bond are shared equally between the atoms.
The only pure covalent bonds occur between identical atoms. Usually, there is some polarity (polar covalent bond) in which the electrons are shared, but spend more time with one atom than the other.
Ionic bonds form between a metal and a nonmetal. Covalent bonds
- Ionic compounds are generally solids because their ions are held by strong attractive forces.
Covalent compounds may be solid,liquid or gases because in covalent compounds molecules are held by weak Vander Waal's attraction forces.
- Ionic compounds are good conductors of electricity in molten or aqueous state due to the presence of free mobile ions.
Covalent compounds don't conduct electricity because such compounds have molecules and thus free mobile ions are not found.
- Ionic compounds have high melting and boiling points because in them ions are held by strong intermolecular forces of attraction. To break these strong forces a large amount of energy is required.
Covalent compounds have low melting and boiling points because molecules are held by weak vander waal forces. Hence less energy is required to break these weak forces.
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