difference between Metals and non metals
Answers
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Answer:
Metals :
1. All metals are solid at room temperature except mercury which is liquid.
2. In their pure state, metals are characterised by a shining surface. It is called metallic lustre. Lead has dull surface.
3. Generally, metals are quite hard. Chromium is the hardest metal. Sodium and potassium are soft and can be cut with a knife.
4. Metals are malleable, ie., can be beaten into thin sheets and may be given different shapes. Zinc and mercury are exceptions.
5. Metals are generally ductile. Copper, silver, gold and platinum are specially ductile. Gold is the most ductile metal.
6. Metals are generally hard but not brittle. Exception: zinc.
7. Metals are crystalline and densely packed. As a result, density of metals is quite high. Exceptions: Lithium, sodium and potassium .
8. Most metals are sonorous, i.e., they give deep and resonate ringing sound when struck.
9. Metals, generally, have high melting and boiling points . Exception: Gallium and cesium . These metals will melt if kept on the palm of our hand.
10. Almost all metals are good conductor of electricity but they differ widely in their power to conduct electricity. Silver is the best conductor of electricity followed by copper and gold. Exception: Tungsten offers high resistance to conduction.
11. Metals, in general, are good conductor of heat.
Nonmetals :
1. Eleven nonmetals are gas, ten are solid and only one, i.e., bromine is a liquid.
2. Nonmetals have a dull appearance. lodine and graphite (an allotrope of carbon) crystals have lustrous surface.
3. Solid nonmetals are not so hard. Carbon in the form of diamond is the hardest natural substance.
4. Solid nonmetals are not malleable. They break into pieces when hammered. 5. Nonmetals are not ductile.
6. Solid nonmetals are generally brittle. For example, sulphur when hammered shatters into pieces..
7. As compared to metals, nonmetals have lower density.
8. Nonmetals are not sonorous (nonsonorous).
9. Nonmetals usually have low melting and boiling points. Exception: Diamond and graphite. e.g., diamond and graphite
10. Nonmetals are bad conductor of electricity. Exception: Graphite.
11. Nonmetals are bad conductor of heat.