Difference between military chief and military commander in vijaynagar kingdom
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The Military of Vijayanagara supported the Vijayanagara Empire in particular with regard to the empire's long-lasting rivalry with the Bahmani Sultanate. Besides a large standing army, the Vijayanagara rulers also maintained a powerful navy. This helped make the Viayanagara empire the most centralised polity ever to have emerged in South India.
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Amaranayakas in the Vijaynagar Kingdom:
- The amara-nayaka system was a major political innovation of the Vijayanagar Empire.
- It is likely that many features of this system were derived from the Iqta system of the Delhi Sultanate.
- They were military commanders who were given territories to govern by the raya.
- They collected taxes and other dues from peasants, craftspersons and traders in the area.
- They retained a part of the revenue for personal use and for maintaining a stipulated contingent of horses and elephants.
- These contingents provided the Vijayanagar kings with an effective fighting force with which they brought the entire southern peninsula under their control.
- Some of the revenue was also used for the maintenance of temples and irrigation works.
- The amara-nayakas sent tribute to the kings annually and personally appeared in the royal court with gifts to express their loyalty.
- Kings occasionally asserted their control over them by transferring them from one place to another.
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