Question

Difference between molar and equivalent conductance

Answer 1

This topic explains about the specific conductivity and molar conductivity. The conductance of material is the property of materials due to which a material allows the flow of ions through itself and thus conducts electricity. It is generally defined as the reciprocal of resistance of that material. SI unit of conductance is S (Siemens). Specific conductivity (better known as conductivity) is the measure of the ability of that material to conduct electricity. It is represented by the symbol “К”. Hence, by definition,

G = 1R

R= ρ1A

К= 1ρ

G =К Al

Where,

К = conductivity,

ρ = resistivity of the material

G= conductance

R= resistance

l = length

A= area of cross section

The conductance of a material depends on the nature of the material, no. of valence electrons for a material and temperature. Metals are good conductors of electricity due to their valence electrons. We observe that the conductance of materials decreases with increase in temperature.

Water in its pure state is known to have very low conductivity due to the presence of hydroxyl ions. The presence of electrolytes further enhances the conductivity as they furnish their ions in the solution. The conductance of electricity by ions present in the solution is called electrolytic or ionic conductance.Specific conductivity or conductivity of an electrolytic solution at any given concentration is the conductance of one unit volume of solution kept between two platinum electrodes with the unit area of cross-section and at a distance of unit length.The conductivity of electrolytic solutions depends on:

The nature and the concentration of the electrolyte added

The size of the ions produced and their salvation.

Solvent nature and viscosity.

Temperature.

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