Difference between monoembryonic and polyembryonic
Answers
Answered by
4
Some varieties of mango (Mangifera indica
L.) produce seeds which have more than one
embryo, and are said to be polyembryonic. In
polyembryonic seeds, no more than one of the
embryos is game tic, and frequently there is
nof gametic embryo. The other embryos de
velop from the cells of the nucellus. Mono-
embryonic mango varieties have seeds with
only one embryo, which is of gametic origin.
In Florida, polyembryonic mango varieties
have been observed by Sturrock (3) and Young
(4) to bear fruit more heavily and more con
sistently than monoembryonic varieties. While
various conditions may influence this relation
ship, it is probable that the most important
factor is the presence or absence of nucellar
embryos in the developing fruit. Young (4)
and Sturrock (3) present evidence that, under
conditions which prevent the formation of a
gametic embryo, or cause its degeneration,
monoembryonic varieties will not set fruit
because no embryo is present to supply the
growth factors necessary for the development
of the fruit. Polyembryonic varieties are able
to set fruit in the absence of a gametic embryo
because of the presence of nuclear embryos.
Florida Agricultural Experiment Stations Journal Series, No. 1346.
The literature on polyembryony in the mango
is reviewed by Singh (1) and Sturrock (3).
Published comparisons of the performance of
monoembryonic and polyembryonic mango
varieties are lacking in yield data from trees
of similar age growing under comparable con
ditions.
Procedure:—In order to compare the per
formance of polyembryonic and monoembryonic
mango varieties, a search was made of the yield
records from the mango plantings at the Sub-
Tropical Experiment Station. Although these
plantings were not made with this objective, it
was possible to select comparable groups of
trees of several polyembryonic and monoem
bryonic varieties. The following varieties were
chosen: Polyembryonic—James Saigon, Rockdale
Saigon, Cecil, Simmonds; Monoembryonic —
Haden, Zill, Kent.
Yield records from 1949 through 1959 were
compared. The experimental trees were grown
at the Sub-Tropical Experiment Statipn in lime
stone soil. Prior to and during the experimental
period, they received regular soil applications
of fertilizer, foliar minor element sprays, and
fungicidal sprays. Records of yield were taken
yearly. All the trees were between 11 and 15
years old in 1959.
Results.—Table 1 presents the number of
trees and yearly yields of the polyembryonic
mango varieties James Saigon, Rockdale Saigon,
Cecil and Simmonds, and the monoembryonic
varieties Haden, Zill and Kent
L.) produce seeds which have more than one
embryo, and are said to be polyembryonic. In
polyembryonic seeds, no more than one of the
embryos is game tic, and frequently there is
nof gametic embryo. The other embryos de
velop from the cells of the nucellus. Mono-
embryonic mango varieties have seeds with
only one embryo, which is of gametic origin.
In Florida, polyembryonic mango varieties
have been observed by Sturrock (3) and Young
(4) to bear fruit more heavily and more con
sistently than monoembryonic varieties. While
various conditions may influence this relation
ship, it is probable that the most important
factor is the presence or absence of nucellar
embryos in the developing fruit. Young (4)
and Sturrock (3) present evidence that, under
conditions which prevent the formation of a
gametic embryo, or cause its degeneration,
monoembryonic varieties will not set fruit
because no embryo is present to supply the
growth factors necessary for the development
of the fruit. Polyembryonic varieties are able
to set fruit in the absence of a gametic embryo
because of the presence of nuclear embryos.
Florida Agricultural Experiment Stations Journal Series, No. 1346.
The literature on polyembryony in the mango
is reviewed by Singh (1) and Sturrock (3).
Published comparisons of the performance of
monoembryonic and polyembryonic mango
varieties are lacking in yield data from trees
of similar age growing under comparable con
ditions.
Procedure:—In order to compare the per
formance of polyembryonic and monoembryonic
mango varieties, a search was made of the yield
records from the mango plantings at the Sub-
Tropical Experiment Station. Although these
plantings were not made with this objective, it
was possible to select comparable groups of
trees of several polyembryonic and monoem
bryonic varieties. The following varieties were
chosen: Polyembryonic—James Saigon, Rockdale
Saigon, Cecil, Simmonds; Monoembryonic —
Haden, Zill, Kent.
Yield records from 1949 through 1959 were
compared. The experimental trees were grown
at the Sub-Tropical Experiment Statipn in lime
stone soil. Prior to and during the experimental
period, they received regular soil applications
of fertilizer, foliar minor element sprays, and
fungicidal sprays. Records of yield were taken
yearly. All the trees were between 11 and 15
years old in 1959.
Results.—Table 1 presents the number of
trees and yearly yields of the polyembryonic
mango varieties James Saigon, Rockdale Saigon,
Cecil and Simmonds, and the monoembryonic
varieties Haden, Zill and Kent
Similar questions