Question

Difference between permanent settlement and mahalwari system

Answer 1

Permanent settlement- 1) It was initiated by Lord Cornwallis. 2) This was executed in Bengal. 3) The authorities entered into this settlement with the zamindars. 4) Land revenue was fixed. 5) Noassessment of the land was made.Mahalwari settlement- 1) It was initiated by Holt Mackenzie. 2) This was executed in the north-west frontier provinces. 3) The authorities entered into this settlement with the village community where they held landin common tenancy or with the landlords. 4) Land revenue wasn't fixed. 5) An assessment of the land was made. The revenue was charged on the 'netproduce'.

Answer 2

Under the Permanent Settlement the revenue was fixed or decided as per the land holdings of the peasants; In Mahalwari system revenue was to be paid by village known as mahal.   In Permanent Settlement, there was no provision of any revision of the revenue. But in Mahalwari System the revenue was to be revised periodically.    In Permanent Settlement the zamindars collected the revenue. But in Mahalwari systern the village headman had to collect the revenue.