Question

Difference between pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics in a tabular form

Answer 1

Pharmacokinetics (PK) refers to the movement of drugs through the body, whereas pharmacodynamics (PD) refers to the body's biological response to drugs. PK describes a drug's exposure by characterizing absorption, distribution, bioavailability, metabolism, and excretion as a function of time.

The term pharmacodynamics refers to the relationship between drug concentrations at the site of action (receptor) and pharmacologic response. Pharmacodynamics includes the biochemical and physiologic effects that result from the interaction of the drug with the receptor.

Pharmacokinetics (PK) is derived from two words “pharmakon” meaning a drug and “kinetics” which means movement. Pharmacokinetics is the study of drug movement within the body. The major aspects that are described in pharmacokinetics are referred commonly as the ADME or the absorption, distribution, metabolism and excretion of the drugs. The metabolism and excretion components combined define elimination of the drug. PK can also simply refer to as “what the body does to the drug”.

Pharmacodynamics (PD) deals with the effects of drug action , in other words what the drug does to the body. Usually the drug binds to certain “therapeutic” targets usually receptors and produces direct or downstream effects in the cells/tissues and consequently the body as a whole. Pharmacodynamics is therefore relevant in terms of the therapeutic effects of the drug.

In terms of similarities, some aspects of all the PK and PD processes can be described in terms of “rates” . When mathematical models are used to describe the PK and PD, in many cases both the process are described using differential equations which describe the rate of change of concentration (PK) or effect (PD).

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