Question

difference between resource and reserve.

Answer 1

Both the term resource and reserve refer to some amount of mineral or fuel, however the ideas are fundamentally different. Primary fuels such as coal, oil, natural gas, and uranium are material resources and have associated reserves. Flows in nature like wind, and hydro are also resources however they do not have associated reserves as there is no "stockpile" of them. Thus, reserves are generally fossil fuelreserves.

The term resource refers to the total amount of a material or primary energy flow that exists. This includes fuel that is both discovered and undiscovered, economically recoverable or not economically recoverable. Conversely, reserves are deposits of fossil fuels that are known to exist with a reasonable level of certainty based on geological and engineering studies. These reserves are also recoverable economically with the technologies that already exist.[1] This means that the amount of fossil fuel in a reserve will be less than the total amount of that fossil fuel resource as the resource encompasses all of the fuel that could exist, regardless of whether it is recoverable or known to exist. Essentially, reserves represent the amount of fuel that is a "safe bet" and can be reasonably extracted.

Answer 2

Resources-
There are a number of factors that determine where primary (or natural) aggregates can be worked. In Britain these are fundamentally determined by two critical factors;
1-Resources availability.
2-Access to the resources.
Reserves-
Reserves will need to meet not only the requirements of geological certainty and economic viability but also accessibility based on legal permission to extract the mineral. The relationship between resources and reserves is shown below. The important point to recognise is that permitted reserves are only a small part of total resources.