Question

difference between static scope and dynamic scope in tabular form

Answer 1

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Static Scoping:
Static scoping is also called lexical scoping. In this scoping a variable always refers to its top level environment. This is a property of the program text and unrelated to the run time call stack. Static scoping also makes it much easier to make a modular code as programmer can figure out the scope just by looking at the code. In contrast, dynamic scope requires the programmer to anticipate all possible dynamic contexts.In most of the programming languages including C, C++ and Java, variables are always statically (or lexically) scoped i.e., binding of a variable can be determined by program text and is independent of the run-time function call stack.

For example, output for the below program is 10, i.e., the value returned by f() is not dependent on who is calling it (Like g() calls it and has a x with value 20). f() always returns the value of global variable x.
AND
Dynamic Scoping:
With dynamic scope, a global identifier refers to the identifier associated with the most recent environment, and is uncommon in modern languages. In technical terms, this means that each identifier has a global stack of bindings and the occurrence of a identifier is searched in the most recent binding.

In simpler terms, in dynamic scoping the compiler first searches the current block and then successively all the calling functions.

and

Static Vs Dynamic Scoping
In most of the programming languages static scoping is dominant. This is simply because in static scoping it’s easy to reason about and understand just by looking at code. We can see what variables are in the scope just by looking at the text in the editor.

Dynamic scoping does not care how the code is written, but instead how it executes. Each time a new function is executed, a new scope is pushed onto the stack.

Perl supports both dynamic ans static scoping. Perl’s keyword “my” defines a statically scoped local variable, while the keyword “local” defines dynamically scoped local variable.

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Answer 2

Static scoping implies that x belongs to the x revealed the innermost extent of communication. Because h is indicated inside the program scale, the inside x is the unit in the programming scope which has no passage to the xs in f and g because it was not published inside them, therefore the program copies 14 doubles.

Dynamic scoping implies that x belongs to the x represented in the common contemporary architecture. If C practiced effective scope, h would utilize the x from  f or g - whichever one that denominated it - so the programmes would publish 13 and 12.