Difference between Structuralism and Generative
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Numerous differences can be ascertained, but the biggest one is that Structuralism is a theory about language, while Generativism is a theory about people. ... By “Generative Linguistics” I take you to mean the Generative/UG tradition that arose out of Chomsky, the Optimality Theorists, and formal semanticists.
The fundamental difference is that generative grammar purports to be a model of mental processes and (quasi-classical, non-Sapirian) structuralist linguistics denies that or is agnostic. Technically, GG is a perfectly explicit description of the competence of the ideal speaker-hearer (Aspects p. 4), but then there isn't much GG around, given the "perfectly explicit" desideratum. Also, bear in mind that many people equate GG with "Chomsky's current theory of syntax", which is a misunderstanding of the concept.
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