Question

Differences between Indian and French Constitution

Answer 1

France has been one of the oldest democracies in the world with its approach towards citizen rights and governance. But there are some features that needs revisiting in order to strengthen its core values, which it can learn from India.

Values that can be taken from Indian constitution

Linguistic and religious rights to minorities

Indian constitution specifies certain rights under Article 29 and 30 which protects cultural rights of the minorities. In addition to that Article 25 to 28 gives freedom of religious practice to minorities.

In France, linguistic and religious minorities do not enjoy such degree of equality. They are treated unequally in all spheres. French has been the solely recognised language, which has to be used mandatorily.

Recognition of diversity

In India, the constitution has recognised the diverse nature of the country and has taken steps to maintain it. While in France, there has been efforts by the state to forcefully enforce French culture on diverse population.

Shunning state religion

Indian constitution does not recognise any state religion, instead it gives an individual option to practice any form of religion. This has prevented clashes which otherwise might have happened.

In France, Christianity has been the religion of the state and people have to accept it. This has been clearly against secular practices and cause for many problems.

Way forward

France can still take steps to introduce new measures in its constitution to protect its secular characteristics.

Thus, the ancient constitution of France did not account for changes in its population structure and failed to introduce secular measures. But this trend surely needs to be reversed in near future.

Answer 2

The Indian Constitution

• It is Federal.
• It has the supremacy of judiciary.
• It is parliamentary.
• According to the Indian Constitution, the president is elected by the individuals.
• supreme Court is the protector and guarantor of the Constitution.

The French constitution

• It is unitary.
• It has the supremacy of executive.
• according according to the French constitution the president is elected directly.
• President is the protector of the constitution.