different approaches of categorising TLM with examples.
Answers
The process of teaching and learning in the classroom depends on various kinds of teaching learning materials or TLM. There are different ways of categorizing the TLM. They are:
A. On the basis of the material used
i. Projected - for example, slide projector, filmstrip projector, TV or VCR.
ii. Non- Projected - for example, chalkboard, flannel board, whiteboard.
B. They are categorized as visual, audio, and audio-visual teaching aids.
i. Visual aids
The aids which use the sense of vision to enhance learning are known as visual aids. Actual objects, charts, models, maps, pictures, flash cards, bulletin board, flannel board, chalkboard, slides and overhead projector are some visual aids. Among them the black board and chalk are the most common ones.
ii. Audio aids
The teaching aids which involve the sense of hearing are known as audio aids. Radio, gramophone and tape recorder are some examples of audio aids.
iii. Audio-Visual aids
Audio-visual aids involve the sense of vision and hearing. Television, film strips, film projector are some audio-visual aids.
C. On the basis of the learners' participation.
i. Kinesthetic - Learners are active, they participate in handling, altering or manipulating the item.
ii. Observational - Learners are passive, they observe the item.
There are different approaches of categorising TLM. They are:-
A. On the basis of the material used
a. Projected - For instance, slide projector, filmstrip projector, TV or VCR.
b. Non- Projected - For instance, chalkboard, flannel board, whiteboard.
B. They are categorized as visual, audio, and audio-visual teaching aids.
a. Visual aids
The aids which use the sense of vision to enhance learning are known as visual aids. Actual objects, charts, models, maps, pictures, flash cards, bulletin board, flannel board, chalkboard, slides and overhead projector are some visual aids. The black board and chalk are the most common visual aids.
b. Audio aids
The teaching aids which involve the sense of hearing are known as audio aids. Radio, gramophone and tape recorder are some examples of audio aids.
c. Audio-Visual aids
Audio-visual aids involve the sense of vision and hearing. Television, film strips, film projector are some audio-visual aids.
C. On the basis of the learners' participation.
a. Kinesthetic - Learners are active, they participate in handling, altering or manipulating the item.
b. Observational - Learners are passive, they observe the item.