Different between animal cell and plant cell ?
Answers
Explanation:
Animal Cell versus Plant Cell comparison chart
Animal Cell Plant Cell
Cell wall Absent Present (formed of cellulose)
Shape Round (irregular shape) Rectangular (fixed shape)
Vacuole One or more small vacuoles (much smaller than plant cells). One, large central vacuole taking up to 90% of cell volume.
Centrioles Present in all animal cells Only present in lower plant forms (e.g. chlamydomonas)
Chloroplast Absent Plant cells have chloroplasts to make their own food.
Cytoplasm Present Present
Ribosomes Present Present
Mitochondria Present Present
Plastids Absent Present
Endoplasmic Reticulum (Smooth and Rough) Present Present
Peroxisomes Present Present
Golgi Apparatus Present Present
Plasma Membrane Only cell membrane Cell wall and a cell membrane
Microtubules/ Microfilaments Present Present
Flagella Present in some cells ( e.g. mammalian sperm cells) Present in some cells (e.g. sperm of bryophytes and pteridophytes, cycads and Ginkgo)
Lysosomes Lysosomes occur in cytoplasm. Lysosomes usually not evident.
Nucleus Present Present
Cilia Present Most plant cells do not contain cilia.
Detailed comparison continued below.
Contents: Plant Cell vs Animal Cell
1 Cell Wall
2 Chloroplasts
3 Centriole
4 Vacuoles
5 Lysosomes
6 Pictures of plant and animal cells
7 Video Comparing Plant and Animal Cells
8 Types of plant cells
9 References
Cell Wall
A difference between plant cells and animal cells is that most animal cells are round whereas most plant cells are rectangular.Plant cells have a rigid cell wall that surrounds the cell membrane. Animal cells do not have a cell wall. When looking under a microscope, the cell wall is an easy way to distinguish plant cells.
Chloroplasts
Plants are autotrophs; they produce energy from sunlight through the process of photosynthesis, for which they use cell organelles called chloroplasts. Animal cells do not have chloroplasts. In animal cells, energy is produced from food (glucose) via the process of cellular respiration. Cellular respiration occurs in mitochondria on animal cells, which are structurally somewhat analogous to chloroplasts, and also perform the function of producing energy. However, plant cells also contain mitochondria.
Centriole
All animal cells have centrioles whereas only some lower plant forms have centrioles in their cells (e.g. the male gametes of charophytes, bryophytes, seedless vascular plants, cycads, and ginkgo).
Vacuoles
Animal cells have one or more small vacuoles whereas plant cells have one large central vacuole that can take upto 90% of cell volume. In plant cells, the function of vacuoles is to store water and maintain turgidity of the cell. Vacuoles in animal cells store water, ions and waste.
Lysosomes
A lysosome is a membrane-bound spherical vesicle which contains hydrolytic enzymes that can break down many kinds of biomolecules. It is involved in cell processes,like secretion, plasma membrane repair, cell signaling, and energy metabolism. Animal cells have clearly defined lysosomes. The presence of lysosomes in plant cells in under debate. A few studies have reported presence of animal lysosomes in plant vacuoles therefore suggesting plant vacuoles fulfilling the role of the animal lysosomal system.
Pictures of plant and animal cells
Structure of a Typical Plant Cell (click to enlarge)
magnifyStructure of a Typical Plant Cell (click to enlarge)
Structure of a Typical Animal Cell (click to enlarge)
magnifyStructure of a Typical Animal Cell (click to enlarge)
Video Comparing Plant and Animal Cells
This video summarizes the differences between animal and plant cells:
For a more in-depth look at the differences between plant and animal cell organelles, see this video.
Types of plant cells
This is a picture of the various types of plant cells, including xylem, phloem, sclerenchyma and collenchyma.
magnifyThis is a picture of the various types of plant cells, including xylem, phloem, sclerenchyma and collenchyma.
References
Wikipedia: Eukaryote#Animal cell
Wikipedia: Plant cell
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