different between sympathatic and parasympathetic
class 10
scert
Answers
Answer:
Difference between Sympathetic And Parasympathetic Nervous System
The sympathetic nervous system prepares the body for the “fight or flight” response during any potential danger. On the other hand, the parasympathetic nervous system inhibits the body from overworking and restores the body to a calm and composed state. The difference between the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous system are differentiated, based on the way the body responds to environmental stimuli.
The major differences between sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous system are summarised below:
Difference Between Parasympathetic and Sympathetic Nervous System
Sympathetic Parasympathetic
Involved in the fight or flight response. Involved in maintaining homeostasis and also, permits the rest and digest response.
The sympathetic system prepares the body for any potential danger. The parasympathetic system aims to bring the body to a state of calm.
Sympathetic system has shorter neuron pathways, hence a faster response time. Has comparatively longer neuron pathways, hence a slower response time.
Increases heartbeat, muscles tense up. Reduces heartbeat, muscles relaxes.
The pupil dilates to let in more light. The pupil contracts.
Saliva secretion is inhibited. Saliva secretion increases, digestion increases.
On “fight and flight” situations, Adrenaline is released by the adrenal glands; more glycogen is converted to glucose. No such functions exist in “fight or flight” situations.
Conclusion
The autonomic nervous system comprises two parts- the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous system. The sympathetic nervous system activates the fight or flight response during a threat or perceived danger, and the parasympathetic nervous system restores the body to a state of calm.
Frequently Asked Questions
What is the major difference between parasympathetic and sympathetic nervous system?
The parasympathetic nervous system restores the body to a calm and composed state and prevents it from overworking. The sympathetic nervous system, on the other hand, prepares the body for fight and flight response.
What are the hormones released by the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous system?
The sympathetic nervous system releases the hormones epinephrine and norepinephrine that accelerate the heart rate.
The parasympathetic nervous system releases acetylcholine, the hormone that slows down the heart rate.
What actions are controlled by the parasympathetic nervous system?
Salivation, urination, lacrimation, defecation and digestion are the important body activities stimulated by the parasympathetic nervous system.
What are parasympathetic ganglia?
These are the autonomic ganglia of the parasympathetic nervous system that lie near or within the organs they innervate.
What are the sympathetic and the parasympathetic nervous system composed of?
The parasympathetic nervous system is composed of cranial and spinal nerves. The sympathetic nervous system comprises cell bodies that lie within the gray column of spinal cord.
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