Question

Differentiate between:
a)Immediate and Contributory causes
b)Infectious and Noninfectious causes of diseases
c)Infectious and Non infectious diseases

Answer 1

a)Immediate and Contributory causes

• Immediate cause: The organisms that enter our body and cause the disease are termed as an immediate cause. For example, virus, bacteria, protozoa etc.
• Contributory cause: The secondary factors which led these organisms enter our body are termed as a contributory cause.

b)Infectious and Noninfectious causes of diseases

• that infectious diseases are caused by pathogens such as viruses, bacteria, and parasites and can be spread by direct contact or through vectors.
• Noninfectious diseases cannot be “caught” from other humans or animals.

c)Infectious and Noninfectious diseases

• that infectious diseases are caused by pathogens such as viruses, bacteria, and parasites and can be spread by direct contact or through vectors.
• Noninfectious diseases cannot be “caught” from other humans or animals.

Answer 2

A:

IMMEDIATE CAUSE or major cause of a disease is what starts/initiates a disease ( trauma / infection)

CONTRIBUTARY CAUSE or comorbidities are those which facilitate the progression of a disease

Eg tuberculosis in a diabetic patient

Here the bacteria ( mycobacterium tuberculosis is the immediate cause but due to decreased immunity caused by diabetes the bacteria multiplies fast causing a severe disease

B

Some diseases like arthritis can be due to an infection ( organism) or non-infectious ( autoimmune disease old age)

Eg septic arthritis - due to bacteria

Osteoarthritis- oldage

C

Infectious and non-infectious diseases- These terms are used when a disease had only a single cause

Eg cholera- infectious - bacteria

Diabetis - non infectious- autoimmune