Differentiate between bony and cartilageous fish on the basis of position of mouth and operculum
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Bony Fish
This category of fish is also referred to as Teleostomi. It is also considered the largest class in Phylum Chordata. These fish are widely recognized because of the following characteristics:
Their endoskeleton is entirely made of boneThey have anterior tip mouth openingThey can either be fresh water or marine water fishesTheir exoskeleton is made up of cycloids (thin bony plates), aligned based on whether the outer edges are spiny or smoothThey have an operculum on either side of their gillsThey possess an air bladder that also performs hydrostatic functionsTheir tail fin is homocercalThey fertilize their eggs externally
Some of the fish in this category include flying fish, globe fish, sea horses and eels.
Cartilaginous Fish
This category of fish is also referred to as Elasmobranchi. In this category you will primarily find marine fishes. Therefore, you should not find any fresh water fish in this group. They generally possess the following characteristics:
Their endoskeleton is primarily made of cartilageTheir exoskeleton is made of placoid (very small denticles coated with lots of sharp enamel)The buccal cavity of these fishes is ventrally positionedThe position of their tail finds is heterocercalOn either side, they have 5 gills that are overly exposed, so they do not have an operculumTheir mode of fertilization is through internal mechanisms
This category of fish is also referred to as Teleostomi. It is also considered the largest class in Phylum Chordata. These fish are widely recognized because of the following characteristics:
Their endoskeleton is entirely made of boneThey have anterior tip mouth openingThey can either be fresh water or marine water fishesTheir exoskeleton is made up of cycloids (thin bony plates), aligned based on whether the outer edges are spiny or smoothThey have an operculum on either side of their gillsThey possess an air bladder that also performs hydrostatic functionsTheir tail fin is homocercalThey fertilize their eggs externally
Some of the fish in this category include flying fish, globe fish, sea horses and eels.
Cartilaginous Fish
This category of fish is also referred to as Elasmobranchi. In this category you will primarily find marine fishes. Therefore, you should not find any fresh water fish in this group. They generally possess the following characteristics:
Their endoskeleton is primarily made of cartilageTheir exoskeleton is made of placoid (very small denticles coated with lots of sharp enamel)The buccal cavity of these fishes is ventrally positionedThe position of their tail finds is heterocercalOn either side, they have 5 gills that are overly exposed, so they do not have an operculumTheir mode of fertilization is through internal mechanisms
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