differentiate between civil and criminal courts . who is incharge of this court?
Answers
Answer:
The Chief Judicial Magistrate is the head of the criminal courts in a district. In metropolitan areas, there are Metropolitan Magistrates. Articles 124 and 217 of the Constitution of India deal with the appointment of Supreme Court and High Court Judges respectively.
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Answer:
Civil courts handle disputes between individuals and businesses, including family law cases like divorces or adoptions, business and contract disputes, personal injury cases, and property disputes. In civil court, one party (the plaintiff) brings suit against another party (the defendant) and asks the court to award monetary damages, change a party’s legal status (such as dissolving a marriage), or order the plaintiff to do or stop doing something.
Plaintiffs and defendants in civil trials have some, but not all, of the same rights as criminal defendants. Often, parties do not have the right to a jury trial, there is no requirement that the verdict be unanimous, and the judge or jury need only reach conclusions “by a preponderance of the evidence,” meaning more likely than not, that the plaintiff’s allegations are true. “Beyond a reasonable doubt” is a more difficult standard to meet.
In criminal court, the state, represented by a prosecutor, brings charges against the defendant for breaking the law. It is up to the prosecutor, not the victim, to decide whether to bring charges and, if so, what charges. The prosecutor must prove the charges beyond a reasonable doubt. In most cases, the defendant has the right to a jury trial, and the verdict must be unanimous. If convicted, the defendant can be sentenced to prison or jail, as well as ordered to pay a fine.
In some states, for certain minor misdemeanors involving property damage or very slight physical injury, a defendant can pay the victim and the court can dismiss the charges.
The Chief Judicial Magistrate is the head of the criminal courts in a district. In metropolitan areas, there are Metropolitan Magistrates. Articles 124 and 217 of the Constitution of India deal with the appointment of Supreme Court and High Court Judges respectively.