Differentiate between conductors and insulators. Give two examples of each.
Answers
Conductors:-
Those substances through which electric charges ( called electricity ) can flow are called conductors .
A substance becomes a conductor when it has some electrons that are loosely held by the nuclei of their atoms i.e, if they have presence of free electrons in their shell, so they can move from one atom to another making it a conductor of electricity.
Usually metals have free electrons in their shell , so they are good conductors. such as silver , copper, Aluminium etc are conductors . But the metal alloys such as nichrome , Manganin and constantan ( which are used for making heating elements of electrical appliances) are also conductors but their conductivity is much less then that of pure metals . The human body is also fairly good conductor.
As , we know exception is everywhere , so a nonmetal known as carbon , in the form of graphite is also a good conductor . Because it has free electrons in it.
Insulators:-
Those substances through which electricity ( electric charges ) cannot flow are called insulators .
The electrons present in insulators are strongly held by the nuclei of their atoms , since there are " no free electron " in an insulator which can move from one atom to other an insulator does not allow electricity to pass through it.
Non-metals donot have free electrons so they cannot pass electric charges through it.
The non - metals like plastics , paper , dry wood , dry air , porcelain are all insulators.
In case of charged insulators like glass , ebonite , etc the electric charges remains bound to them and do not move away.
Answer:
Materials that allow electric current to flow through them are called conductors. Examples of conductors are copper, aluminium, and silver.
Materials that do not allow electric current to flow through them are called insulators. Examples of insulators are plastic, wood, rubber, glass etc.
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