Question

differentiate between Dalton's and Berzelius method of allocating symbols to the elements

Answer 1

A symbol is defined as an short hand sign or abbreviation for the representation of an elements.
Dalton Approach to assign Symbols:
---> Dalton used shape of  Circle for assigning symbol for element.
О --- oxygen
Ο with dot inside -- Hydrogen
Ο with dark shade -- carbon
Ο with N alphabet - Nitrogen
Ο with I alphabet -- Iron
⊕-- Suphur
Please refer attachment

J.J Berzelius suggested that symbols of  the elements can be written by English names.

1. For most of the elements , the first alphabet in the name of element is written in capital form and is taken as symbol for that element.

For eg: Oxygen –O

Sulphur --S

Carbon -- C

2. For some elements, the first letter written in capital form and next prominent letter written in smaller form the name of element is taken as  its symbol.

Eg: Nickel : Ni

Neon--Ne

Calcium- Ca

Silicon- Si

Chromium-Cr

3. later Some elements were named on Latin name

For example:

Potassium - Latin Name - Kalium- K

Sodium- Latin Name- Natrium- Na

Gold- Aurum-Au

Silver-- Argentum- Ag

4. Some elements were represented based on country name, planet name or scientist names

For example:

Element- Bhorium- Scientist name - Bohr- Symbol- Bh

Element - Mendelevium- Scientist name- Mendeleev - Symbol- Md

Element - Indium--Country name- India- symbol- In

Element - francium- Country name- France- Fr

Element - Plutonium-Planet name- Pluto

Answer 2

Dalton's symbols were not easy to memorize but they did have some benefits each symbol represented one atom and the formula of the compound was made up of the symbols of its elements, below are the examples of Dalton's symbols.

Oxygen H
Hydrogen N
Nitrogen C
Carbon S
Sulphur P
Phosphorous Au
Gold Pt
Platinum Ag
Silver Hg
Mercury Cu
Copper Fe
Iron Ni
Nickel Sn
Tin Pb
Lead Zn
Zinc Bi
Bismuth Sb
Silicon Y
Yttrium Be
Beryllium Zr
Zirconium

Few years later Dalton's theory was replaced by chemical symbols and formula of Berzelius which are still used till today's time. 

Below are the examples of Berzelius symbols:

Aluminum Al
Argentum Ag
Arsenic As
Aurum Au
Barium Ba
Bismuth Bi
Boron B
Calcium Ca
Carbon C
Cerium Ce
Cobalt Co
Uranium U
Yttrium Y
Zinc Zn