Differentiate between Empire and Kingdom
and write 3 points
Answers
Answer:
Explanation:
Empire: a group of countries that are controlled by one ruler / government. King: the (male) ruler of an independent state / country that has a royal family. Kingdom: a country ruled by a king (or queen).
Answer:
Explanation:
To begin, we must understand the origin of the terms: kingdom and empire. These terms are distinctly European, thus is it is important to understand that terms like the "Emperor of Japan" were coined by Europeans when they extended the European state system to the rest of the world.
The first Emperor in Europe was Julius Caesar. He did not invent the term emperor. People just referred to him as Caesar. Therefore, in many European languages such as Russian and German, the word for emperor is a direct translation of Caesar from Latin. In German, the word for emperor is Kaiser, while in Russian, it is Czar. At this point, the Emperor is the successor of Caesar
Kingdoms, in the Roman Empire, were provinces. The king's right to rule the land was given by the Roman Emperor. As the Empire weakened, the local powers rose. Around 800 AD, the king of the Franks, Charlemagne, began a series of conquest culminating in the formation of the Holy Roman Empire. The Pope, who represented god, transferred the title of Emperor to Charlemagne. Some historians claim that the pope accidentally gave him the title.
At the same time, several larger kingdoms were formed, such as the Kingdom of England and the Kingdom of France.
Following the decline of the Habsburg empire, the term empire was declared by kings who managed to control more than one kingdom. Monarchs can extend their boarders by many different way, such as invasion, marital diplomacy, and unification of principalities. Usually, more than one of the above methods appear.
For example, when Napoleon I declared himself the Emperor of France, he was careful to gain legitimacy through marrying a Habsburg princess, thereby bringing him into the Habsburg family, giving him the right to declare himself as emperor. Why did other states recognise his status? Because he had the strongest military in Europe.
Another example would be the unification of Germany. After the Franco-Prussian war in 1871, the principalities in the German lands offered their power to the Prussian king. Since the Prussian king now controlled more than on kingdom, he declared the formation of the German Empire.
When the European state systems expanded throughout the world, an empire was a state that controlled different local kingdoms. Such states were usually multi-ethnic. For example, the Sultan of the Ottoman state was referred to as an emperor. In Asia, the Japanese called their leader "teno天皇", which just meant leader from heaven. However, when the Europeans arrived at the scene, they saw the the leader of Japan controlled many local "kingdoms", such as Korea and Okinawa, therefore gave him the term emperor.
To conclude, an the difference between kingdom and empire comes down to a question of legitimacy, which does not actually affect practical foreign diplomacy. For example, when Queen Victoria of England was declared the Empress of India, nothing really changed. An Empire is a collection of kingdoms, comprising multiple principalities, usually multi-ethnic, while a kingdom is a state controlled by one Monarchy.