Differentiate between geo stationary satellite and polar satellite on the basis of their motion in orbit distance from earth and on the basis of their use
Answers
Geo- satellite are maintained on the allocated longitude and the equatorial plane at the height of 36000 km with minimum eccentricity and inclination
where as polar satellite are place over the poles
Generally the Geo-sat are used for communications purposes like voice,data and video .some of the satellites have very high resolution radio meters payloads for weather forecasting.
polar- sats are placed at lower earth orbit around few hundred to few thousand km are used for remote sensing purposes.These sats have a definite swath width of path to cover the surface of the earth like push broom ground track. These sats orbits are so maintained it revisits same local time on specific location with sun illumination (sun synchronous).that is the regression of the orbit shifted about 0.9 degree every day longitudinally to follow sun.
in other words 360 degrees in 365 days.
Polar goes over the poles - as the world turns, they travel over different locations... mainly used for earth mapping and spy satellites. Geo-stationary is equatorial - they stay over the same location (they're in what has been called a Clarke Orbit, after Arthur C Clarke who popularized the concept). Most geosynchronous satellites are used for communications. Satellites in geostationary equatorial orbit (GEO) orbit Earth around the equator at a very specific altitude that allows them to complete one orbit in the same amount of time that it takes Earth to rotate once. As a result, these satellites stay above one point on Earth’s equator at all times.Direct-broadcast television satellites,earth-surveillance missions, including military surveillance and weather tracking missions use GEO.
Satellites in polar orbits orbit around Earth at right angles to the equator over both the North and South poles. Polar orbits can occur at any altitude,and are used by National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration,which provide weather information for all areas of the world every six hours. The satellites also map ozone levels in the atmosphere, including the level over the poles.
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Geostationary Satellites have a circular orbit that lies in the plane of the earth’s equator. As dictated by orbital mechanics, the lower the satellite flies, the faster it will complete an orbit. At a height of about 35,786 Kilometers, the time period required is exactly 24 Hours. By placing the satellite at this height in the equatorial plane and giving it an west to east direction, we ensure that the satellite always stays above a specific point on the equator. The footprint or service area of a geo-stationary satellite is from about 75 degree north to 75 degree south latitude. Thus most of the inhabited parts of the earth can be covered using a bare minimum of 3 (three) satellites. This makes geostationary satellites ideal as communication and broadcasting satellites.
Polar Satellites are a type of sun-synchronous satellites. It means that they maintain a constant angle with respect to the Sun at all times. In case of polar satellites, the orbital plane contains the Earth’s axis so the satellite passes over the Earth’s poles as seen in the illustration. They are usually placed much lower in orbit than geo-synchronous satellites (200 to 1000 Km). Their orbits are also non circular but highly elliptical.
One interesting thing about the polar satellites is that it will pass over the same place on earth at exactly the same time during the day (or night). As the satellite completes more and more orbits it moves over every place on the surface of the earth
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The Geo- satellite are maintained on the allocated longitude and the equatorial plane at the height of 36000 km with minimum eccentricity and inclination
where as polar satellite are place over the poles
Generally the Geo-sat are used for communications purposes like voice,data and video .some of the satellites have very high resolution radio meters payloads for weather forecasting.
polar- sats are placed at lower earth orbit around few hundred to few thousand km are used for remote sensing purposes.These sats have a definite swath width of path to cover the surface of the earth like push broom ground track. These sats orbits are so maintained it revisits same local time on specific location with sun illumination (sun synchronous).that is the regression of the orbit shifted about 0.9
Polar goes over the poles - as the world turns, they travel over different locations... mainly used for earth mapping and spy satellites. Geo-stationary is equatorial - they stay over the same location (they're in what has been called a Clarke Orbit, after Arthur C Clarke who popularized the concept). Most geosynchronous satellites are used for communications. Satellites in geostationary equatorial orbit (GEO) orbit Earth around the equator at a very specific altitude that allows them to complete one orbit in the same amount of time that it takes Earth to rotate once. As a result, these satellites stay above one point on Earth’s equator at all times.Direct-broadcast television satellites,earth-surveillance missions, including military surveillance and weather tracking missions use GEO.
Satellites in polar orbits orbit around Earth at right angles to the equator over both the North and South poles. Polar orbits can occur at any altitude,and are used by National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration,which provide weather information for all areas of the world every six hours. The satellites also map ozone levels in the atmosphere, including the level over the poles.Only as far as their orbits are concerned do they necessarily differ. Polar orbits cannot be geostationary, only equatorial orbits can be and to achieve that, they have to be 22, 236 miles away where the speed of their obits gives them a 24hour circumnavigation of Earth, thus appearing to be still or stationary over any point and in our case GEOstationary. Its where most all of our TV and communication satellites are positioned!
The problem with that location is that it is very far away. A round trip of 44,742 mi. produces visible delay in communication when a live interview uses this method to relay and distribute the signal
