Question

differentiate between JJ Thomson model of atom Rutherford Model of atom and bohars model of atom​

Answer 1

THOMSON'S MODEL OF THE ATOM

According to him, atom is positively charged sphere in which electrons are present at certain places like Christmas pudding. He actually compared the model with water melon or Christmas pudding. But there were few questions that he couldn't answer and these led to its failure.

Drawback - It could not explain the distribution of charges and stability of an atom.

Rutherford's Scattering Experiment

He took gold foil and passed alpha rays through it.

• Some rays passed straight.

• Some rays were deflected through small & large angles.

• Some rays rebounded.

Conclusions - • Most of the space in atom is empty.

• There is something in centre of an atom called nucleus.

• Nucleus is positively charged.

RUTHERFORD'S MODEL OF ATOM:

• Atom is electrically neutral.

• Nucleus is in centre.

• Protons and Neutrons are present.

• Outside the nucleus, electrons revolve like planets revolve around the sun.

BOHR'S MODEL OF ATOM:

1. Atom is electrically neutral i.e.

Number of Protons = Number of Electrons

2. In centre of an atom, nucleus is present.

3. In Nucleus - Protons & Neutrons are present.

4. Each shell has a fixed amount of energy.

5. Number of electrons in each shell is determined by Bohr's rule i.e.

$2n {}^{2}$

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