differentiate between loudness and intensity
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Intensity of a sound wave is defined as the amount of sound energy passing through a unit area per second. Loudness is a measure of the response of the ear to the sound. The loudness of a sound is defined by its amplitude. The amplitude of a sound decides its intensity, which in turn is perceived by the ear as loudness.
Sounds can be described in two ways, by their frequency (or pitch), and by their intensity (or loudness). ... An example of a high frequency sound is a bird chirping, while a drum beating is a low frequency sound. Intensity (loudness) is the amount of energy of a vibration, and is measured in decibels (dB).
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Loudness is related to the amplitude of sound waves (or pressure amplitude/ displacement relative to atmospheric pressure, typically), whereas intensity is the rate at which power (rate of energy transfer, or work per unit time) is transferred across a given area (Power/Area, or rate of energy transfer per unit area.
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