Differentiate between mahalwari and munro
settlement.
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Answer:
Mahalwari system, one of the three main revenue systems of land tenure in British India, the other two being the zamindar (landlord) and the ryotwari (individual cultivator). The word mahalwari is derived from the Hindi mahal, meaning a house or, by extension, a district.
Ryotwari system
In this system, the peasants or cultivators were regarded as the owners of the land. They had ownership rights, could sell, mortgage or gift the land. The taxes were directly collected by the government from the peasants. The rates were 50% in dryland and 60% in the wetland.
Ryotwari System was introduced by Thomas Munro in 1820. The revenue rates of Ryotwari System were 50% where the lands were dry and 60% in irrigated land. Mahalwari System. Mahalwari system was introduced in 1833 during the period of William Bentick.