Differentiate between the following
1. Invertebrate and Vertebrate
2. Platyhelminthes and Nematoda
3. Flatworms and Roundworms
4. Insects and Crustaceans
5. Amphibians and Pisces
6. Aves and Mammals
7. Radially symmetrical and Lilaterally symmetrical body
8. Warm blooded and Cold blooded animal
9. Nematodes and Annelida
10. Nephrida and Malpighian tubules
11. Myriapoda and Arachnida
12. Mollusces and Echinoderms
13. Reptiles and Aves
14. Amphibians and Mammals
15. Exoskeleton and Endoskeleton
16. Closed Circulatory System and Open Circulatory System
Answers
Answer:
Invertebrates do not have a backbone. Vertebrates have a backbone and an internal skeleton. Have an open circulatory system in the body. Have a closed circulatory system in the body.
1) Invertebrates are those that do not possess a vertebral column or backbone while Vertebrates are those where vertebral column or backbone is present.
2) The main difference between Platyhelminthes and Nematoda is that Platyhelminthes consists of flatworms with a thin, dorso-ventrally flattened body whereas Nematoda consists of a cylindrical body, which is tapered to fine ends at each end. Tapeworms, Turbellaria, Trematoda, and Monogenea examples of Platyhelminthes.
3) Flatworms:
They do not have a body cavity and thus are acoelomates.
Roundworms:
They are pseudocoelomates i.e. they have a body cavity between their mesoderm and endoderm layers.
4) The body of the crustacean is divided into segments. Insects have a chitinous exoskeleton and have a three-part body.
5) Pisces:
They are marine or freshwater animals.
Exoskeleton is in the form of scales.
Amphibia:
They can live in water as well as on land.
Exoskeleton is absent in these animals.
6) Aves included animals that can fly.
Mammals include animals that possess mammary glands.
Aves possess light and hollow bones while mammals have solid and dense bones.
Aves have feathers while mammals have hair.
7) Radial symmetry and bilateral symmetry are two different types of biological symmetries found in organisms. The key difference between radial and bilateral symmetry is that radial symmetry generates identical body halves around the central axis whereas bilateral symmetry generates only two sides as left and right.
8) Cold-blooded animals can be defined as animals that cannot regulate their internal body temperature with the change in the environment. They cannot survive in extreme temperature conditions. Warm-blooded animals are defined as animals that can regulate and maintain constant internal body temperature.
9) The main difference between Nematoda and Annelida is that Nematoda has a cylindrical body with tapered ends whereas Annelida has a cylindrical body, which is segmented. Therefore, Nematoda is called roundworms while Annelida is called segmented worms.
10) The main difference between nephridia and malpighian tubules is that the nephridia are the excretory organs of worms, producing urine whereas malpighian tubules are the excretory organs of insects, producing uric acid. Furthermore, nephridia occur in the body cavity while Malpighian tubules line the gut.
11) Arachnids have over 100,000 species that include harvestmen, mites, scorpions, spiders and ticks. In case you were wondering about millipedes or centipedes, they actually fall under the class of myriapods, which are wingless bugs with tons of body segments that are usually carried by a pair of legs.
12) Mollusks have soft bodies, and most secrete a shell to protect it. Echinoderms don't have shells, but they have other means of protection. Their name comes from the Greek words for "spiny skin," and many echinoderms such as sea urchins have long spines growing from their bodies.
13) Reptiles have scales all over the body, whereas birds have scales on the legs and the rest of the skin is covered with fluffy feathers. All the present-day reptiles are carnivore, but birds have many different types of food habits.
14) Mammals give birth to live young, whereas the birth of amphibians takes place externally. Mammals are warm-blooded, while amphibians are cold-blooded. Mammals can live in all habitats, unlike amphibians, and have muted colors. Some amphibians can regenerate their limbs.
15) An exoskeleton is a hard external skeleton that protects the outer surface of an organism and enables movement through muscles attached on the inside. An endoskeleton is an internal skeleton composed of hard, mineralized tissue that also enables movement by attachment to muscles.
16) (a) In closed circulatory systems, the heart pumps blood through vessels that are separate from the interstitial fluid of the body.
(b) In an open circulatory system, the blood is not enclosed in the blood vessels, but is pumped into a cavity called a hemocoel.