Question

Differentiate between the following:
a. sea breeze and land breeze
b. conductors and insulators
Convert​

Answer 1

Basic concepts – A Flow Chart

HEAT

Measurement of Temperature

Transfer of Heat

 It is a thermometer used to

measure the temperature of our

body

 It consists of a long, narrow,

uniform glass tube with a bulb

containing mercury at one end.

 It reads a range of temperatures

from 35O C to 42o

C.

Convection

It is the flow of heat through a fluid

from places of higher temperature to

places of lower temperature by

movement of the fluid itself.

Temperature

Sea Breeze

 During the day, the land

heats up faster than the sea.

 Warm air above the land

rises and colder air from the

sea takes its place.

 Warm air from the land

moves towards the sea to

complete the cycle.

 This produces a sea breeze

from the sea to the land.

Conduction

 It is a thermometer used to measure

the temperature of objects other than

our body.

 It consists of a column of mercury

enclosed in a glass casing. The column

is continuous without any link.

 It measures a range of temperature

from – 10o

C to 110o

C.

Clinical Thermometer Laboratory Thermometer

 It is the degree of hotness or coldness of a body

 It determines the direction of flow of heat.

 Heat flows from a body at a higher temperature to that

at some lower temperature until both objects reach the

same temperature.

 Heat is the cause of temperature.

Heat flows from a hotter object to a colder

object until both objects reach the same

temperature.

 Temperature of a body is measured by an instrument

called thermometer.

 Unit of temperature is degree celsius (‘C) or degree

centigrade.

 It is the process by which heat is

transferred from the hotter end to

the colder end of an object.

 Materials that allow heat to pass

through them easily are called good

conductors of heat.

 Example: Metals.

 Materials that do not allow heat to

pass through them easily are called

insulators or poor conductors of heat.

 Example : Wood, paper, etc.

Radiation

 It is the mode of transfer of heat in which

energy is directly transferred from one

place to another.

 It does not need any material medium.

 Dark – coloured objects absorb radiation

better than the light-coloured objects.

 At night the land cools faster than sea.

 The warm air above the sea rises.

 This warm air is replaced by colder air

from the land producing a land breeze.

Land Breeze

Kinds of Clothes We Wear

In Summers : Light coloured. Cotton Clothes absorb less heat and keep body cool.

In Winters : Dark – coloured, woolen cloths absorb more heat and trap air

between fibres to prevent escape of body heat and keep it warm  

2 Created by Pinkz

 Celsius scale : The scale in which the temperature is represented in 00

C is called celsius

scale.

 Conductor : The process by which heat is transferred from the hotter end to the

colder end of an object is known as conduction.

 Convection : Those materials which allow heat to pass through them easily are called

the conductors of heat.

 Insulator : Those substances which do not conduct heat well are called insulators.

 Land Breeze : After sunset, the air above the sea is warmer which makes the air rise

and the cooler air above the land, moves our towards the sea. This is called ‘Land Breeze’.

 Radiation : Radiation is the process by which heat travels without the help of a

material medium.

 Sea Breeze : During the day the air in contact with the land becomes hot and rises.

Then the cooler air above the sea rushes in towards the land to occupy its space. This set-up

is known as sea breeze.

 Temperature : The temperature of a substance is the measure of degree of hotness of

a substance.

 Thermometer : This instrument which is used to measure the temperature is called

thermometer.