Differentiate between the following pairs of terms: (a) Radicle and plumule. (b) Hilum and micropyle. (c) Testa and tegmen. 4. Give two functions of a fruit.
Answers
(a) Radicle and plumule.
Radicle Plumule
The radicle is the embryonic root of the plant Plumule is the embryonic shoot of the plant.
Radicle is the first part of the seedling. Plumule grows after the radicle.
The radicle makes the root of the plant. Plumule makes the plant shoot.
Radicles are negatively phototropic. Plumule is positively phototropic.
(b) Hilum and micropyle.
Ilium Micropyle
Ilium is the elliptical scar found on the seed, marking a point of attachment of the funicle. Micropyle is the small opening in the integuments of the ovule which enable the sperms to access the ovum during fertilization.
In mono cot seeds Ilium is partially covered by the caruncle. In monocot seeds micropyle is totally covered by the caruncle.
Ilium is the point which attaches the ovule to the placenta. Water is absorbed through the micropyle into the embryo during germination of the seed.
(c) Testa and tegmen
Testa Tegmen
It is the outermost protective covering of the seed. It is the inner protective covering of the seed present below the testaIt is the inner protective covering of the seed present below the testa
It is brownish in colour. It is whitish in colour
4. Give two functions of a fruit.
The two functions of fruit are- Fruit protects the seed Fruits also help in dispersal of seed by attracting insects.
Fruit protects the seed.
Fruits also help in dispersal of seed by attracting insects.