Question

Differentiate between the Kernel of an Operating system and Non-resident portion of Operating system?

Answer 1

Operating System
An operating system (OS) is a set of programs containing instructions that work together to coordinate all the activities among computer hardware resources. Most operating systems perform similar functions that include starting and shutting down a computer, providing a user interface, managing programs, managing memory, coordinating tasks, configuring devices, establishing an Internet connection, monitoring performance, providing file management and other utilities, and automatically updating itself and certain utility programs. Some operating systems also allow users to control a network and administer security.

Although an operating system can run from an optical disc and/or flash memory mobile media, in most cases, the operating system is installed and resides on the computer’s hard disk. On handheld computers and many mobile devices, the operating system may reside on a ROM chip.



Different sizes of computers typically use different operating systems because operating systems generally are written to run on a specific type of computer. For example, a mainframe computer does not use the same operating system as a personal computer. Even the same types of computers, such as desktop computers, may not use the same operating system. Some, however, can run multiple operating systems. When purchasing application software, you must ensure that it works with the operating system installed on your computer or mobile device.

The operating system that a computer uses sometimes is called the platform. With purchased application software, the package or specifications identify the required platform (operating system). A cross-platform program is one that runs the same on multiple operating systems.

Kernel
The kernel is memory resident, which means it remains in memory while the computer is running. Other parts of the operating system are nonresident, that is, these instructions remain on a storage medium until they are needed. Or you can say that Kernel is the central module of an operating system. Kernel is a part of operating system which loads first in memory and stays in main memory.

Kernel is actually responsible for all memory management, and Kernel is also responsible for process management and managing tasks, disks. Kernel connects system hardware and application software. Every operating system has Kernel e.g Linux Kernel is used in different operating systems which includes Linux, Android, FreeBSD and others.

Also Read:

Difference Between Unix and Linux

Difference Between Application Software and Operating System

Difference Between System Software and Operating System

Difference Between Operating System and Server

Difference Between Operating System and Windows

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Answer 2

" The lowest level of operating system is Kernel and it is considered as the important and main factor of the "operating system". Its main purpose is to "translate the command", so the system can understand.

The other part of the "operating system" excluding the kernel is non-resident. Here, it stores the instructions and acts as a storage medium which can retrieved when needed."