Question

Differentiate between zamindari bandobast and munro system
Please tell in tabular form and nonsense answers will be reported ​

Answer 1

Question:-

Differentiate between zamindari bandobast and munro system?

Answer:-

Zamindari System

• Zamindari System was introduced by Cornwallis in 1793 through Permanent Settlement Act.

• It was introduced in provinces of Bengal, Bihar, Orissa and Varanasi.

• Also known as Permanent Settlement System.

• Zamindars were recognized as owner of the lands. Zamindars were given the rights to collect the rent from the peasants.

• The realized amount would be divided into 11 parts. 1/11 of the share belongs to Zamindars and 10/11 of the share belongs to East India Company.

Ryotwari System

• Ryotwari System was introduced by Thomas Munro in 1820.

• Major areas of introduction include Madras, Bombay, parts of Assam and Coorgh provinces of British India.

• In Ryotwari System the ownership rights were handed over to the peasants. British Government collected taxes directly from the peasants.

• Land owner has right to sub-let his landholdings- to transfer, mortgage or sell it He is not evicted from his holdings by the Government so long as he pays the state demand of land revenue.

• The revenue rates of Ryotwari System were 50% where the lands were dry and 60% in irrigated land.

Mahalwari system

• Mahalwari system was introduced in 1833 during the period of William Bentick.

• It was introduced in Central Province, North-West Frontier, Agra, Punjab, Gangetic Valley, etc of British India.

• The Mahalwari system had many provisions of both the Zamindari System and Ryotwari System.

• In this system, the land was divided into Mahals. Each Mahal comprises one or more villages.

• the land was not owned by an individual be it zamindar or any cultivator but by a group of estates or villages called Mahal The Mahal was collectively known as the landlord and revenue was collected from village headman or lambardar.

ㅤㅤㅤㅤㅤOR

After the initial use of the Ryotwari system, Munro implemented it in the whole of Madras in 1820 AD. Under this there was a direct settlement or relationship between the company and the ryots (farmers).There was no role of any Zamindar or middleman in the determination of revenue and collection of rent.

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Answer 2

Under the Mahalwari system, the land revenue was collected from the farmers by the village headmen on behalf of the whole village. Under the Ryotwari system, the land revenue was paid by the farmers directly to the state. The Zamindari system was started by the Imperialist East India Company in 1793.
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