Differentiate plasmolysis and cytolysis
Answers
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Plasmolysis is the process in which cells lose water in a hypertonic solution.
The reverse process, Deplasmolysis or Cytolysis, can occur if the cell is in a hypotonic solution resulting in a lower external osmotic pressure and a net flow of water into the cell.
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Answer:
Explanation:
A hypertonic solution is a solution in which the solute concentration is high, and the water concentration is low. In other words, the hypertonic solution has higher solute potential and low water potential than the cell. Therefore, according to the phenomenon of Osmosis, water molecules move across a concentration gradient via a semi-permeable membrane from higher water potential to lower water potential. Hence, when a cell is placed in a hypertonic solution, water will flow out of the cell in order to get the ionic concentration of the internal and external environment to equilibrium. This process is referred to as exosmosis. Until the water potentials are balanced, water will move out of the cell to the solution. During this process, the protoplasm starts to detach from the cell wall. This is known as plasmolysis.
Cytolysis is a phenomenon that occurs with the bursting of a cell due to the development of a condition of osmotic imbalance. Due to this imbalance in the osmotic pressure, the excess water into the cell is diffused. In-depth analysis of this phenomenon reveals that the entering of water into the cell is facilitated by aquaporins, which are selective membrane channels. The mechanism of entering of water into the cell is the diffusion. Diffusion occurs through the cell membrane. Cytolysis occurs when the outside environment is hypotonic, and excess of water enters the cell up to a level where it breaks the threshold of the cell membrane or aquaporin. The destruction of the cell membrane is referred to as cell burst.