Differentiate the following and give examples:Innate and acquired immunity
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The innate immunity plays a critical role in host protection against pathogens and it relies amongst others on pattern recognition receptors such as the Toll-like receptors (TLRs) and the nucleotide-binding oligomerization domains proteins (NOD-like receptors, NLRs) to alert the immune system of the presence of invading bacteria.
The adaptive immune system, also known as the acquired immune system or, more rarely, as the specific immune system, is a subsystem of the overall immune system that is composed of highly specialized, systemic cells and processes that eliminate pathogens or prevent their growth.
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The adaptive immune system, also known as the acquired immune system or, more rarely, as the specific immune system, is a subsystem of the overall immune system that is composed of highly specialized, systemic cells and processes that eliminate pathogens or prevent their growth.
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Explanation:
- Innate immunity is present since birth while adaptive immunity is acquired during the course of life time when the organism naturally encouters the patogen or vaccinated.
- Innate immunity is non specific towards antigen while adaptive immunity is specific towards antigen
- Innate immunity shows a very rapid response while adaptive immunity shows slow response which may take days.
- Innate immune response do not show immunologic memory while adaptive immunity is characterised by immunologic memory.
- Innate immunity is found in vertebrates and invertebrates while adaptive immunity is seen only in jawed vertebrates.
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