Question

Differentiate with the help of suitable examples:
Atom and ion.
b. Molecular ion and free radical.​

Answer 1

Answer:

Atom

Many atoms consist of a positively charged nucleus consisting of protons and neutrons surrounded by a cloud of electrons charged negatively. An atom is any particle of matter at its most basic level which contains at least one proton. Here are some examples of the atoms: hydrogen (H) neon (Ne).

ion

When a stable atom gains or loses an electron, it becomes an ion. For example, when chlorine takes an electron from sodium, and sodium gives that electron to chlorine, they become ions and form NaCl. examplesH+,Na+,Ca2+F−,O2−

b molecular ion

atoms that make up the molecule (with a correction for the masses of the. electron(s) lost or gained). For example, the mass of the molecular ion of. ethyl bromide C2H5. 79.

free radical

free RA-dih-kul) A type of unstable molecule that is made during normal cell metabolism (chemical changes that take place in a cell). Free radicals can build up in cells and cause damage to other molecules, such as DNA, lipids, and proteins. This damage may increase the risk of cancer and other diseases.

notable example of a free radical is the hydroxyl radical (HO•), a molecule that is one hydrogen atom short of a water molecule and thus has one bond "dangling" from the oxygen.

Explanation:

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