differntiate between surplus water resources and deficit water resources
Answers
Answer:
Explanation:The information collated by organisations such as the United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) and the projections of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) forecast grave situations for future water supply. By 2050, it is predicted that 15 per cent of the world’s countries will be experiencing water deficiency, most of which are in the Middle East and North Africa region. There are, however, still many countries with an abundance of water. Water redistribution can occur in various ways, including water shipping, water management and virtual water trade. Water availability for the future rests upon good management of the water we have now.
Analysis
A good starting point is to determine what constitutes a water surplus country. When water availability in a country exceeds the water requirements for food production and domestic use, the country can be viewed as being in water surplus. The definition held by international hydrological scientist Dr Malin Falkenmark1which will be used as the basis for this paper, suggests that a water surplus country is one which has more than 1,300 cubic metres of water available for food production and domestic use (total available renewable water resources) per capita per year.
Economic water scarcity is caused by a lack of investment in infrastructure or technology to draw water from rivers, aquifers, or other water sources, or insufficient human capacity to satisfy the demand for water. One-quarter of the world's population is affected by economic water scarcity.