Difine the following terms Energy
Answers
Answer:
Energy, in physics, the capacity for doing work. It may exist in potential, kinetic, thermal, electrical, chemical, nuclear, or other various forms. There are, moreover, heat and work—i.e., energy in the process of transfer from one body to another.
Explanation:
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Explanation:
What is Energy?
Energy is essential to life and all living organisms. The sun, directly or indirectly, is the source of all the energy available on Earth. In Physics, energy is a quantitative property that must be transferred to an object in order for it to perform work. Hence, we can define energy as the strength to do any kind of physical activity. Thus, they say,
Energy is the ability to do work
Energy is a conserved quantity and the law of conservation of energy states that energy can neither be created nor destroyed but can only be converted from one form to another. The SI unit of energy is Joule.
Units of Energy
The International System of Units of measurement of energy is Joule. The unit of energy is named after James Prescott Joule. Joule is a derived unit and it is equal to the energy expended in applying a force of one newton through a distance of one meter. However, energy is also expressed in many other units not part of the SI, such as ergs, calories, British Thermal Units, kilowatt-hours, and kilocalories, which require a conversion factor when expressed in SI unit
Following are the four ways through which energy can be transferred:
Mechanically – By the action of force
Electrically – Electrically
By Radiation – By Light waves or Sound waves
By Heating – By conduction, convection, or radiation
The process which results in the energy changing from one form to another is known as energy transformation. While energy can be transformed or transferred, the total amount of energy does not change – this is called energy conservation.
Law of Conservation of Energy
The law of conservation of energy is one of the basic laws in physics. It governs the microscopic motion of individual atoms in a chemical reaction. The law of conservation of energy states that “In a closed system, i.e., a system that is isolated from its surroundings, the total energy of the system is conserved.” According to the law, the total energy in a system is conserved even though the transformation of energy occurs. Energy can neither be created nor destroyed, it can only be converted from one form to another
Different Types of Energy
Forms of Energy
Although there are many forms of energy, it is broadly categorized into kinetic energy and potential energy.
Kinetic Energy
Kinetic energy is the energy associated with the object’s motion. Objects in motion are capable of causing a change or are capable of doing work. To better understand, let us think of a wrecking ball. A wrecking ball in motion is used to do work such as demolition of buildings, stones, etc. Even a slow-moving wrecking ball is capable of causing a lot of damage to another object such as an empty house. However, a wrecking ball that is not in motion, does not do any work.
Another example of kinetic energy is the energy associated with the constant, random bouncing of atoms or molecules. This is also known as thermal energy. The average thermal energy of a group of molecules is what we call temperature, and when thermal energy is being transferred between two objects, it’s known as heat.
Kinetic energy is determined by the given formula K.E=12mv2
Different types of Kinetic Energy include:
Radiant energy
Radiant energy refers to the type of energy that travels by waves or particles. This energy is created through electromagnetic waves and is most commonly experienced by humans in the form of heat. Following are a few examples of radiant energy:
When you turn on an incandescent light bulb, it gives off two forms of energy. There is visible light and heat that is generated. Both these generated energies are a form of radiant energy.
Sunlight is an example of radiant energy.
Thermal Energy
Thermal energy is similar to radiant energy and is experienced in the form of heat or warmth. While radiant energy refers to waves or particles, thermal energy describes the level of activity among the atoms and molecules in an object. This is the only difference between radiant energy and thermal energy. Some examples of thermal energy include: