Disability globalization and privatization in india
Answers
Answer:
hey here is your answer
A mounting burden of debt and balance of payments crisis led India to adopt economic reforms on the lines of IMF-World Bank structural adjustment programs. These reforms, known as the New Economic Policy (NEP), were introduced in July 1991. The NEP included standard measures including the devaluation of the rupee (India's currency); privatization of government-owned entities; reduction in public expenditure; cutbacks to food, agricultural and fertilizer subsidies; increase in imports and foreign investment in capital-intensive and high-tech industries; liberalization of trade regulations; and structural changes in the economy aimed at export-led growth (Upadhyay, 2000).
The NEP has resulted in far-reaching effects on the economy and society. While reforms have led to record economic growth, they have also led to unprecedented economic inequalities, environmental degradation, rise in food prices, and unrest in several states that has further hurt historically disadvantaged groups (Bidwai, 1995, 2000; Kumar, 2008). Bidwai (2000) observes as reform policies pry open India's markets to attract multinational telecommunications, information technology and automobile corporations, there is little dispute that economic globalization has benefited India's 40 million middle-class and elite; however, these policies have been ruthless to its 500- million-plus miserably poor.
Amidst these diverse forces impacting the lives of ordinary people in the country, the situation of people with disabilities is particularly concerning given that their exclusion from government census and surveys translates into denial of their citizenship rights and entitlements to existing state programs for the poor and disabled. In this section, we assess reform-induced changes in the arenas of social programs, education, employment, accessibility, health, water, agriculture and food security, and land acquisition from a disability perspective.