discovery of cathode ray with diagram
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Cathode rays (also called an electron beam or an e-beam) are streams of electrons observed in vacuum tubes. If an evacuated glass tube is equipped with two electrodes and a voltage is applied, the glass opposite the negative electrode is observed to glow from electrons emitted from the cathode. Electrons were first discovered as the constituents of cathode rays. The image in a classic television set is created by focused beam of electrons deflected by electric or magnetic fields in cathode ray tubes (CRTs).
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Discovery of Cathode Rays ( and Electrons)
The study of atomic structure and sub-atomic particles was initiated by the discovery of the discharge tube. Experiments on the discharge tube were first conducted in 1878 by an English physicist, William Crookes.
When a high-voltage electric current is passed through the discharge tube containing a gasat a very low pressure, a green fluorescence is seen coming out of the other end of the discharge tube.
This fluorescence is the result of rays emitted from the cathode (negative plate) towards the anode (positive plate) in the discharge tube.
Hence, these rays are called cathode rays. Later, J. J. Thomson studied the characteristics and the constituents of cathode rays.
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