Discuss 5 basic characteristics of an open system
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Answer:
1. Importation of Energy: An open system takes energy — various types of inputs — from the environment. Without these inputs, no open system can survive.
2. Throughput: An open system converts the inputs into some kind of outputs. This process is known as throughput or transformation process. A business organization may convert inputs like materials, energy, information into goods and services through the transformation process.
3. Outputs: An open system exports some outputs to the environment. Organizations export goods and services. The manner in which they export outputs determines their viability and existence.
4. System as Cycles of Events: The pattern of activities — inflow of inputs, throughput, outflow of outputs — has a cyclic character. The outputs exported to the environment furnish sources of inputs for the repetition of cycle of activities.
5. Negative Entropy: Entropy is the law of nature which suggests that all organized forms move towards disorganization and demise. In order to survive, open systems must move to arrest the entropic process; they must acquire negative entropy. This is possible by importing more energy from the environment than what a system spends. For example, a business organization must earn profit in order to survive on long-term basis.
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