Question

Discuss about the protest movement of late 18th and early 19th centuries in England

Answer 1

Answer:

The Luddites (1811‒1812)

In the 18th and early 19th century, although it had a parliament, Britain was not a democracy. That meant that people's only way of trying to stop the government was by violent protest.

There were riots in Nottinghamshire, Yorkshire and Lancashire, by hand-weavers who broke into the factories to destroy the new machines. There was a mass-trial at York in 1813, after which 17 Luddites were executed.

Pentrich Rebellion (1817)

A small group of rebels in Derbyshire led by Jeremiah Brandreth planned to march on London and overthrow the government. They were dispersed by a troop of 22 soldiers – 14 were transported to Australia, and the three leaders were hanged for treason.

Swing Riots (1830)

These were attacks on farm machines all over the south of England. 2,000 people were put on trial, of whom 19 were executed and 481 transported to Australia.

Gradually, the government began to accept that it was its duty to act in the interests of the people. There were examples of public campaigns with peaceful aims which tried to persuade the government to make reforms.

Repeal of the Combination Acts (1824)

The Combination Acts were laws forbidding workers from forming a Trade Union. Led by the social reformer Francis Place, workers peacefully lobbied MPs and persuaded them to abolish the acts.

Tolpuddle Martyrs (1834)

When Dorset farm-workers tried to organise a trade union, six of them were transported to Australia. A petition of 800,000 signatures was organised, and the men were freed in 1836.

Anti-Poor Law campaign (1834‒1837)

When the government introduced a New Poor Law which sent poor people to the workhouse, the Anti-Poor Law League was set up to campaign against it. When it failed, there were many poor law riots in 1837, particularly in the north of England.

The Chartists (1838-1850)

The Chartists (1838‒1850) is organised huge rallies and petitions to Parliament in the 1840s to campaign for political reform. Although there was a Chartist riot in Newport in 1839, Britain avoided the revolutions that swept Europe in 1848. Most of the Chartists' demands eventually became law.

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Answer 2

Some of the prominent protest movements in the 18th and 19th century include The Luddites (1811‒1812), Pentrich Rebellion (1817), and Nullification of the Combination Acts (1824) and Hostile to Poor Law crusade (1834‒1837).

The Luddites (1811‒1812)

• In the eighteenth and mid-nineteenth 100 years, even though it had a parliament, Britain was not a vote-based system.
• That implied that individuals' just approach to attempting to stop the public authority was by savage dissent.

Pentrich Rebellion (1817)

• A little gathering of renegades in Derbyshire drove by Jeremiah Brandreth wanted to walk on London and defeat the public authority.
• They were scattered by a group of 22 warriors - 14 were shipped to Australia, and the three chiefs were hanged for treachery.

Nullification of the Combination Acts (1824)

• The Combination Acts were regulations denying labourers from framing a Trade Union.
• Driven by the social reformer Francis Place, labourers calmly campaigned against MPs and convinced them to cancel the demonstrations.

Hostile to Poor Law crusade (1834‒1837)

• At the point when the public authority presented a New Poor Law which sent destitute individuals to the workhouse, the Anti-Poor Law League got up in a position to crusade against it.
• At the point when it fizzled, there were numerous unfortunate regulation uproars in 1837, especially in the north of England.

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