Question

discuss any two kinds of political approaches to the use of region for nationalist mobilization during indian freedom struggle.

Answer 1

The Indian national movement ,in fact, provides the only actual historical example of a semi-democratic or democratic type of political structure being successfully replaced and transformed .It is the only movement where the broadly Gramscian ..

Answer 2

For the sake of efficiency, it is good to suggest that the study of political mobilization can be divided into four questions, adapting from Harold Lasswell's famous definition of politics; who is mobilized, for what purpose, when, and how. Many approaches to political mobilization analysis center around one or two of these issues. Different scholars also vary depending on whether they adopt a broadly structural or macro-analytical approach or a micro-analytic approach that focuses on explaining the actions of elites or even individuals. Structurally inclined analysts focus on identifying certain collectivity-economic classes, cultural communities, or other social group types-on whose behalf a demand is being made. Many possible answers can often be given, and therefore analysts will differ over which collectivity is being mobilized. Micro-analytic approaches avoid this kind of uncertainty by adopting a more narrow approach to the' who' question by asking which individuals are actually involved in collective political action. A weakness of this approach is that scholars often focus excessively on politically active individuals ' self-interest. At the same time, this kind of focus often shows that 86 active individuals in politics are better educated or better off than the group they are seeking to represent, forcing analysts to investigate whether the issues that activists are focusing on are prominent for the larger constituency.That is also where the role of political or political entrepreneurship in highlighting or shaping cleavages is likely to be paid for addressing dividends. Unfortunately, however, in political science, little systematic attention has been paid to the consequences of different types of political strategies, whether among Indian specialists or more generally. This is because for many scholars, political strategies seem to be ad hoc, invented for specific situations, offering little comparative study possibility. However, the two strategies focused on in this essay, the anti-hegemonic and sandwich alliances, are generic forms that can be adapted to many contexts, enabling comparison.